英美文学史中文版

英美文学史中文版内容摘要：

（ 1） life: Cambridge Sidney39。 s friend ―Areopagus‖ – Ireland Westminster Abbey. （ 2） works a. The Shepherds Calendar: the budding of English poetry in Renaissance. b. Amoretti and Epithalamion: son sequence c. Faerie Queene: l The general end——A romantic and allegorical epic—steps to virtue. l 12 books and 12 virtues: Holiness, temperance, justice and courtesy. l Twolevel function: part of the story and part of allegory （ symbolic meaning） l Many allusions to classical writers. l Themes: puritanism, nationalism, humanism and Renaissance Neoclassicism—a Christian humanist. （ 3） Spenserian Stanza. Prose 1. Thomas More （ 1） Life: ―Renaissance man‖, scholar, statesman, theorist, prose writer, diplomat, patron of arts a. learned Greek at Canterbury College, Oxford。 b. studies law at Lincoln Inn。 c. Lord Chancellor。 d. beheaded. （ 2） Utopia: the first English science fiction. Written in Latin, two parts, the second—place of nowhere. A philosophical mariner （ Raphael Hythloday） tells his voyages in which he discovers a landUtopia. a. The part one is anized as dialogue with mariner depicting his philosophy. b. The part two is a description of the island kingdom where gold and silver are worn by criminal, religious freedom is total and no one owns anything. c. the nature of the book: attacking the chief political and social evils of his time. d. the book and the Republic: an attempt to describe the Republic in a new way, but it possesses an modern character and the resemblance is in externals. e. it played a key role in the Humanist awakening of the 16th century which moved away from the Medieval otherworldliness towards Renaissance secularism. f. the Utopia （ 3） the significance. a. it was the first champion of national ideas and national languages。 it created a national prose, equally adapted to handling scientific and artistic material. b. a elegant Latin scholar and the father of English prose: he posed works in English, translated from Latin into English biography, wrote History of Richard III. 2. Francis Bacon: writer, philosopher and statesman （ 1） life: Cambridge humanism in Paris – knighted Lord Chancellor – bribery focusing on philosophy and literature. （ 2） philosophical ideas: advancement of science—people:servants and interpreters of nature—method: a child before nature—facts and observations: experimental. （ 3） ―Essays‖: 57. a. he was a master of numerous and varied styles. b. his method is to weigh and balance maters, indicating the ideal course of action and the practical one, pointing out the advantages and disadvantages of each, but leaving the reader to make the final decisions. （ arguments） Drama 1. A general survey. （ 1） Everyman marks the beginning of modern drama. （ 2） two influences. a. the classics: classical in form and English in content。 b. native or popular drama. （ 3） the University Wits. 2. Christopher Marlowe: greatest playwright before Shakespeare and most gifted of the Wits. （ 1） Life: first interested in classical poetry—then in drama. （ 2） Major works a. Tamburlaine。 b. The Jew of Malta。 c. The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus. （ 3） The significance of his plays. V. William Shakespeare 1. Life （ 1） 1564, StratfordonAvon。 （ 2） Grammar School。 （ 3） Queen visit to Castle。 （ 4） marriage to Anne Hathaway。 （ 5） London, the Globe Theatre: small part and proprietor。 （ 6） the 1st Folio, Quarto。 （ 7） Retired, son—Ham。 H. 1616. 2. Dramatic career 3. Major playsmencentered. （ 1） Romeo and Juliet——tragic love and fate （ 2） The Merchant of Venice. Good over evil. AntiSemitism. （ 3） Henry IV. National unity. Falstaff. （ 4） Julius Caesar Republicanism vs. dictatorship. （ 5） Hamlet Revenge Good/evil. （ 6） Othello Diabolic character jealousy gap between appearance and reality. （ 7） King Lear Filial ingratitude （ 8） Macbeth Ambition vs. fate. （ 9） Antony and Cleopatra. Passion vs. reason （ 10） The Tempest Reconciliation。 reality and illusion. 3. Nondramatic poetry （ 1） Venus and Adonis。 The Rape of Lucrece. （ 2） Sons: a. theme: fair, true, kind. b. two major parts: a handsome young man of noble birth。 a lady in dark plexion. c. the form: three quatrains and a couplet. d. the rhyme scheme: abab, cdcd, efef, gg. Jonson 1. life: poet, dramatist, a Latin and Greek scholar, the ―literary king‖ （ Sons of Ben） : （ 1） the idea of ―humour‖. （ 2） an advocate of classical drama and a forerunner of classicism in English literature. 3. Major plays （ 1） Everyone in His Humour—―humour‖。 three unities. （ 2） Volpone the Fox Chapter 4 English Literature of the 17th Century Historical Background Overview of the Literature （ 16401688） 1. The revolution period （ 1） The metaphysical poets。 （ 2） The Cavalier poets. （ 3） Milton: the literary and philosophical heritage of the Renaissance merged with Protestant political and moral conviction 2. The restoration period. （ 1） The restoration of Charles II ushered in a literature characterized by reason, moderation, good taste, deft management, and simplicity. （ school of Ben Jonson） （ 2） The ideals of impartial investigation and scientific experimentation promoted by the newly founded Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge （ 1662） were influential in the development of clear and simple prose as an instrument of rational munication. （ 3） The great philosophical and political treatises of the time emphasize ra。