托福tpo22套听力真题文本

托福tpo22套听力真题文本内容摘要：

been hotter and brighter than the model this would mean that it had lost mass over thecourse offour billion years. Student 全国免费咨询电话： 4000123267 Isthat possible? Professor Actually, theSun is constantlylosing mass through the solar wind, a stream of charged particles constantlyblowing off theSun. We know the Sun’s currentrate ofmass loss, but if we assume that this ratehas been steadyover the last four billion years, theyoung Sun wouldn’t have been massive enough to have warmed Earth,let alone Mars, not enough to have caused liquid water. Student Maybe the solar wind was stronger then? Professor Thereis evidence that the solar wind was more intense in thepast. But we don’t know for sure how much mass our Sun’s lost ove r the last four billion years. Astronomerstried to estimatewhat solar mass could produce the required luminosity to explain liquid wateron theseplas. They also took into account that with a more massive young Sun, the plas would be closer to the Sun than theyare theyfound that about seven percentmore mass would be required. Student So theyoung Sun had seven percent more mass than our Sun? Professor Well, wedon’tknow. According to observations of young Sun like stars, our Sun ma y have lost as 全国免费咨询电话： 4000123267 much as six percentof itsinitial mass, which doesn’t quite make it. On the otherhand , this estimate is based on a small sample. And thebrightyoungSun solution is appealing. We simply need more data to determine the mass loss rateof stars. So there’s reason to believe that we will get an answer tothat piece of thepuzzle one day. Section2 ConversationStudentamp。 Professor (Paper) Narrator Listen to part ofa conversation between a student and his music history professor. Student So, I waswondering what Icould do to improve mypaper before the final draft is due. Professor Well, Michael, Ihave no problem with your writing style. It’s graceful and clear. Eh,and it’s interesting that you are writing about your grandmother ’s piano concert. Student Yeah, when you said we had to attend a concertand write about it, Iimmediately thought of her. I have been to lots ofher I am really familiar with her music. Professor That’s not necessarily an advantage. Fam iliaritysometimes makesit hard to see things objectively. 全国免费咨询电话： 4000123267 Student So Ishouldn’t write about my grandmother? Professor No, no,no. I am just talking in general. Butas I mentioned in my ments,I’d like you to place your grandmother ’s concertin... in a broader context. Student Yeah. Isaw that, but Iwasn’t sure what you mean, I mentioned mygrandmother ’s childhood, how much her parentslove music, how she played the piano at all our family gatherings. Professor OK. I see what happened context, Imean how the concertrelatesto some period in music history. Student I . Um...I have an idea. Professor OK. Student Well, as you read in mypaper,mygrandmother performs classical music. Professor Yes. Student 全国免费咨询电话： 4000123267 That’s her truelove. But for most of her career,she performed originally studied to be a classical pianist. But jazz was in its heyday3 backthen, and when she got out ofthe conservatory4, she was invited to join a jazz theopportunity was just too good to turn down. Professor , that’s fascinating. Because she probably had to reinventher whole musical style. Someone39。 s heyday is thetime when theyare most powerful, successful, or popular. A school where studentsstudy to bee professional musicians or actors. Student She did. Butjazz was wherethe money wasat thattime, at least for her. Professor But she eventually wentback to classical? Student only recently. Professor OK. Student So if I can show how her choicesrelateto what was happening in the world ofmusic at the time...? Professor I thinkthat might workvery nicely. 全国免费咨询电话： 4000123267 Student And if I do that,I guess I’ll have to like,interview her. Professor Right. Student And Iguess that would mean... Professor You’ll have to rewritemost ofyour paper. Student Ouch! Professor Yeah. 【 Would an extra weekease the pain?】 Student Definitely. Professor OK. So are there other musicians in your family? Student Yeah. Mymother plays piano, as well as mygrandmother,but... Professor And you? Student 全国免费咨询电话： 4000123267 I don’t play anyinstruments, but I sing in the university choir. Infact, we are performing next week,and I have a solo. Professor That’s great!Could I telltheclass about your concert? Stud。