建筑毕业设计外文翻译及译文

建筑毕业设计外文翻译及译文内容摘要：

wo webs, whose inner ring beams are then pulled together or pushed apart to induce tensile forces in the strips. Such a doubleweb structure is illustrated in Figure 10. Figure 10(a) shows a saucershaped FRPWWS achieved by pushing apart the two inner ring beams, while Figure 10(b) shows a butterfly shaped FRPWWS achieved by pulling together the two ring beams. FRPWWS with multiple ring beams There are only two ring beams in a simple FRPWWS. If more ring beams are used as shown in Figure 11, a large web will be divided into several shorter spans. The difficulty of construction and design will decrease as the length of continuous FRP strips bees smaller. If a doubleweb system is provided with many ring beams, a foldedweb system results (Figure 12). The above are just some possible variations of the basic FRPWWS. In practical applications, many other forms/shapes can be explored. The FRPWWS may also be bined with other structural systems to bee hybrid structural systems. 5 ANALYSIS OF A SIMPLE FRPWWS 中国石油大学（华东 ） 本科毕业设计（论文） 8 Individual FRP strip Each FRP strip in the web is mainly subject to tension if interaction between strips at joints is ignored. A pair of strips at 180o apart in a simple web can be modeled as two strips whose ends are connected to the outer beam and the inner ring beam respectively, as shown in Figure 13. The outer beam is regarded as a fixed point while the inner ring beam is treated as a rigid body. There are three states for the strips: initial prestressed state, outofplane tensioned state and service loading state. It is assumed that the crosssectional area of the strip is A, the elastic modulus is E, the difference between the radii of the inner and the outer ring beams is L, and the self weight and flexural stiffness of the FRP strip are neglected because they are very small. In the first state as shown in Figure 13(a), a horizontal initial prestressing force H0 is applied to the end of the strip. Then the strain of the strip is EAH00  (1) The initial length of the strip is 00 1 LL (2) In the second state as shown in Figure 13(b), two vertical loads V are applied on the inner ring beam to move it down to tension the strips. The tensile force in the strip is T1, whose horizontal ponent is H1, and the displacement of the inner ring beam is on equilibrium consideration, there is 2211 VHT  (3) If the strain of the strips at this time is ε1, then 1 EAT1 (4) 中国石油大学（华东 ） 本科毕业设计（论文） 9 021201 LLL   (5) From the geometric relationship, there is LHV 11  (6) Combining these equations, T1, Δ1, ε1 can be found. In the third state, the strips are required to support a service load q(x) which is symmetrically placed with respect to the centre of the inner ring beam. The reaction at the fixed end can be deposed into the horizontal force H2 and the vertical force R. The total deflection of a point at a distance x from the fixed point is denoted by z(x), the deflection due to the service load is denoted by w(x), and the total displacement of the inner beam is denoted by Δ2. Hen,   L VdxxqR 0 )( (7) The deflected shape is governed by the following cable equation (Sheen 1997): 0)(222  xqdx zdH (8) If q(x) is a uniform load, the deflection curve can be found easily b y double integration to be: 22 )(2)(  LxxxLHqxz (9) and Equation (7) bees R=qL+V (10) The slopes at the strip ends are 20 HRdxdzx  (11) 中国石油大学（华东 ） 本科毕业设计（论文） 10 2HVdxdzLx  (12) Based on deformation patibility, the total length change of each strip in the second stage is given by dxLdxdzLs     0 21221 (13) but the second stage elongation found from strains is    2112 1 LEA LHHs (14) Thus, H2 and Δ2 can be found from Equations 1014. As an example, a pair of strips for a model FRPWWS as shown in Figure 13 is considered, where L=80m and the properties of the strips are the same as those of product 2 in Table 1. In the first stage, an initial stress of 500MPa is induced in the strips, then ε0=, L0=, and H0=84kN. In the second stage, an outofplane force V=30kN is applied. As a result, Δ1=, ε1=, H1= and the stress in the strips is 1344MPa. Finally, a uniform load q=, and consequently Δ2=, H2=, and the maximum stress in the strips is 2352MPa and occurs near the outer fixed end. From this simple analysis, the key parameters for an FRPWWS can be identified. These include the initial control stress or the prestressing force H0, the outofplane force V or the deflection of the inner beam Δ1. They control the deformation of the web under loading and the stress level in the FRP strips. A simple FRPWWS A simple FRPWWS as shown in Figure 14 was analyzed by the finite 中国石油大学（华东 ） 本科毕业设计（论文）。