外文翻译--柱塞式液压缸、起重器和柱塞

外文翻译--柱塞式液压缸、起重器和柱塞内容摘要：

In the manpower unloads the oil extraction rod thread efficiency in view of the rework operation in lowly, the labor intensity is big, also cannot guarantee the different specification oil extraction rod requires and so on the question, has developed the hydraulic pressure oil extraction rod pliers, this kind of oil extraction rod pliers by the host pliers, the manual cross valve, the oil motor, the bottom pliers, the spring hang the tube and the adjusting spring and so on are posed, saved the rotational speed in the design to shift gears the anization, simultaneously on pressed the spring bolt through the change the structure, has solved attenuated when the roller hill climbing lack of strength this technology difficult problem, introduced this kind of oil extraction rod pliers principle of work! In the main technical parameter and the room the experimental situation, the field application result indicated that, uses the hydraulic pressure oil extraction rod pliers to be possible greatly to reduce the oil extraction rod number of times, improves the repair of wells quality and the repair of wells speed. But the hydraulic pressure part manufacture precision harmoniously seals the performance requirement high, the processing and the installment quite is all difficult. Divulges avoids with difficulty, and the fat liquor has certainly certain may the pression, therefore, the velocity ratio cannot be constant, ill uses in the velocity ratio requirement strict situation. Divulges the energy which causes to lose (called volume loss), is in the hydraulic transmission the main energy loss, in addition the fat liquor the resistance and the mechanical friction which receives in the pipeline and so on also causes the certain energy loss, causes the hydraulic transmission the efficiency to be lower. The fat liquor 10 viscosity changes along with the temperature, when oil temperature change, can directly affect the transmission system the operating performance. In addition, uses the hydraulic transmission under the low temperature condition or the hot conditions to have the paratively major difficulty. In when the fat liquor permeates the air, can have the noise, is easy to cause the vibration and crawling (velocity of movement nonuniformity), affect the transmission steadiness. Service maintenance more difficult, the work load is big. When the hydraulic system has the breakdown, the breakdown reason is not easy to search, breaks a way and so on to reduce the negative influence through the design optimization. At present, overseas drill rod power pliers type very many, moreover product performance and quality all relatively stable, specially their product volume AND output torque cannot bee the proportion change, even if the power pliers output torque is quite big time, its product volume cannot add how many, thus is suitable for the scene need. But the domestic product also occupies the research and development and the improvement phase, the product performance and the quality all waits for further enhances, the domestic product volume and the weight all increase along with the output torque increases, thus causes to be unable to be suitable for certain largescale drill pipes. In the recent 10 years, the China home production power pliers have the growth, but pares the overseas our country power pliers structure plex not conveniently to use and to safeguard, the lifetime is short and so on the flaw, therefore our country vigorously is developing the power pliers design transformation, achieves the world level. (Three) DRILLING EQUIPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY The first demand for a power tong that can deliver a torque value of 300,000 ft/lbs at 21 in diameter came from the Unocal West Seno tensionleg platform (TLP) deepwater development project in Indonesia two years ago. 11 The scope of this project was to install 24 “hybrid” production riser strings which included production riser connections that required more than 100,000 ft/lbs makeup torque and more than 200,000 ft/lbs breakout torque. These new types of threaded production riser connections were designed especially for spars, TLP, and semi submersible production platforms that require torque values never before seen. Threaded production risers are used to extend the sub sea wellhead from the seabed to the floating platform and are exposed to tremendous forces and stresses caused by water currents and the motion of the vessel due to the waves. These parameters required Weatherford to design and build a pletely new tong concept within a very short time window. The new tong was called the Riser Tong 21300, and is the first fully rotational tong with integral backups able to generate 300,000 ft/lbs of torque. In less than 12 months, two units were designed, built, lab tested, and delivered to Indonesia in 2020/2020 for the West Seno Project. The new concept includes a hydraulic gripping system that is activated by a hydraulic motor/pump bination and works with an independent hydraulic system inside the tong rotor. With the successful application of the tong on the West Seno Project, 2020 brought a new challenge. Four of the 21300 tongs were required in a mechanized version in a “handsfree” environment to be operated on offshore floating platforms in the Gulf of Mexico. Never before has a power tong the size and weight of the 21300 been operated under these conditions. A railmounted system consisting of a hydraulically driven fra。