刘炳善英国文学简史复习要点

刘炳善英国文学简史复习要点内容摘要：

uced dramatic monologue to poetry. (P416) His famous poems: “Homethoughts from abroad” etc. Elizabeth Barrett Browning: “Sons from the Portuguese”. 65. 简单了解 William Morris主要作品，写作特点，及其意义等。 66. Aestheticism唯美主义（名词解释） Oscar Wilde主要作品，写作特点及其意义简要了解。 Part Eight: Twentieth Century English Literature 68. John Galsworthy: 主要作品 “The Forsyte Saga”注意这是两个 trilogy构成的，可不是一本小说，其中比较重要的是 “The Man of Property”就是书上介绍的那一部，要知道此部小说主人公的名字，以及这个主人公的性格，和小说主题。 书上介绍这个作家的部分的最后一段算是这个作家的写作特点。 这位作家在 20 世纪声名是逐渐下降的，但是还是有些学校会考到他。 69. The Irish Dramatic Movement（名词解释） Irish Renaissance（名词解释） 70. Gee Bernard Shaw主要作品 Mrs Warren’s Profession和 Major Babara，如果看的是其它版本的英国文学史，可能会选其它的作品，对他作品的主要 人物，情节，主题和意义要了解，他是比较重要的一个作家。 71. William Butler Yeats几首有名的诗歌如 “Sailing to Byzantium” , “The Second Coming”, “The Wild Swan at Coole”要知道，另外他诗歌的特点如 symbolism, mysticism, modernists’ influence等等。 72. T. S. Eliot比较重要，特别是他的 The Waste Land要知道包括哪几个部分，大概是什么情节，有什么象征意义 ，主题是什么，有什么写作特点。 另外他的其它作品也有某些学校考到过，也要知道，比如他的诗剧 Murder in the Cathedral等等，要知道大概的情节。 另外他著名的文章 Tradition and the Individual Talent被认为是 manifesto of modernist poetry. 73. Modernist fiction put emphasis on the description of the characters’ psychological activities under the influence of Austrian doctor Sigmund Freud’s theories. 74. D. H. Lawrence重点作品 Sons and Lovers这个作品明显受到弗洛伊德影响，特别是其中体现的 Oedipus plex，对其人物，主题要有了解； The Rainbow及其续篇 Women in Love要有简单了解，特别是对其主题。 Lady Chatterley’s Lover简单了解即可。 492 页第三段对 Lawrence 的思想做了个简单总结，这一段中 指出的劳伦斯的思想特点以及局限性要了解。 75. Streamofconsciousness（名词解释） 76. James Joyce其它作品简单了解，但 Ulysses非常重要，需要知道题目来源，题目的含义，小说的主人公和情节，以及主题。 77. Virginia Woolf重要的意识流作家，主要作品要知道在 496页第二段，书上主要介绍的是 To the Lighthouse，其实她的其它几部作品特别是 Mrs. Dalloway也比较出名，需要了解一下。 Epic（叙事诗） :An epic is a long narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation. Classical epics were fundamentally an oral poetic form. Noheless, epics have been written down at last since Homer. Epics have nine characteristics: opens in media res。 vast setting covering many nations, the world or the universe。 begins with an invocation to a muse。 starts with a statement of the theme。 the use of epithets。 includes long lists。 features long and formal speeches。 shows divine intervention on human affairs。 “star” heroes that embody the values of the civilization. Beowulf, the only anic whole poem of the old English period, is an epic of well over 3000 lines. Blank verse: Blank verse was first introduced by the Earl of Surrey in his translations of Books 2 and 4 of Virgil’s The Aeneid. It consists of lines of iambic(抑扬格 ) pentameter (fivestress iambic verse) which are unrhymed—hence the term “blank”. Of all English metrical（韵律的） forms it is closest to the natural rhythms of English speech, and at the same time flexible and adaptive to diverse levels of discourse。 as a result it has been more frequently and variously used than any other type of versification（诗律） . It became the standard meter for Elizabethan and later poetic drama。 a free form of blank verse is still the medium in twentiethcentury verse plays. Modernism: A general term applied retrospectively to the wide range of experimental and avantgarde trends in literature of the early 20th century, including Symbolism, Futurism, Expressionism, Imagism, Vorticism, Dada, and Surrealism, along with the innovations of the unaffiliated（独立的） writers. Modernism takes the irrational philosophy and the theory of psychoanalysis as its theoretical base. It is a reaction against realism. It rejects rationalism（理性主义） which is the theoretical base of realism。 it excludes from its major concern the external, objective, material world, which is the only creative source of realism。 by advocating a free experimentation on new forms and new techniques in literary creation, it casts away almost all the tradit。