管理经济学第十一版试题

管理经济学第十一版试题内容摘要：

ditional hour of puter time will increase revenue by $400. D. No. If CCS were employing a profit maximizing quantity of labor and puter time, then MRP = P for both inputs. MRPL PL MRPC PC $100 $70 $400 $280 Therefore, CCS is not employing a profit maximizing level of inputs and should expand its operation. 25. 最优投入水平 . Sunshine Pest Control, Inc., provides exterminator services to residences in the Miami area. The primary resources SPC employs are skilled exterminators and large dome/air pumps used to cover the homes, pump in insecticide, and minimize leakage to the environment. Currently, SPC employs 10 exterminators at a cost of $15 per hour, employs 2,000 hours of pump time each week at a cost of $3 per hour. Each exterminator works a 40hour week. This level of employment allows SPC to plete 100 treatments per week for which the firm receives $100 each. A. Assuming that both returns to factors and returns to scale are constant, what are the marginal products for (1) exterminators and (2) gallons of chemicals? B. Is SPC employing labor and domes in an optimal ratio, assuming that substitution of the resources is possible? Explain. C. Determine the marginal revenue products for exterminators and for the domes/pumps employed by SPC. (Assume constant returns to factors in part A.) D. Is SPC employing an optimal (profitmaximizing) quantity of labor and puter time? Explain. ANS: A. Because returns to factors and returns to scale are constant for SPC39。 s current operations, the marginal and average products for each input will be equal. Thus, MPL = APL and MPD = APD Where, MPL = = treatments per exterminator MPD = = treatments per domepump hour. B. Yes. For SPC to be using inputs in their optimal ratios, then: In this problem: Yes. SPC is employing exterminators and dome pumps in the optimal ratio. C. MRPL = MPL  MRQ =  $100 = $25 MRPD = MPD  MRQ =  $100 = $5 This means that an additional hour of exterminator time will increase SPC revenue by $25, and an additional hour of dome pump time will increase revenue by $5. D. No. If SPC were employing a profit maximizing quantity of labor and puter time, then MRP = P for both inputs. MRPL PL MRP D PD $25 $15 $5 $3 Therefore, SPC is not employing a profit maximizing level of inputs and should expand its operation. 最优投入水平 . Just Bikes, Inc., sells tricycles, in partiallyassembled and fully assembled forms. Parents who assemble their own tricycles benefit from the lower price of $40 per tricycle. Fullservice customers enjoy the luxury of an assembled tricycle, but pay a higher price of $60 per tricycle. Both partially and fully assembled tricycle prices are stable. The pany has observed the following relation between the number of assembly workers employed per day and assembled tricycle output: Number of Workers per day Finished Tricycles 0 0 1 8 2 14 3 18 4 21 5 23 A. Construct a table showing the marginal revenue product derived from assembly worker employment. B. How many assemblers would Just Bikes employ at a daily wage rate of $100? C. What is the highest daily wage rate Just Bikes would pay to hire three assemblers per day? ANS: A. Because the market for tricycles is perfectly petitive, the $20 price premium for fully assembled versus partially assembled tricycles is stable. Thus, the marginal revenue product of assembler labor (sometimes referred to as the value of marginal product) is: Number of Assemblers per Day (1) Fully Assembled Output (2) Marginal Product of Labor (3) Net Marginal Revenue Product of Labor (4)=(3)$20 0 0 1 8 8 $160 2 8 6 120 3 14 4 80 4 20 3 60 5 23 2 40 B. From the table above, we see that employment of two assemblers could be justified at a daily wage of $100 because MRPA=2 = $120 $100. Employment of a third assembler could not be justified because MRPA=3 = $80 $100. C. From the table above, the MRPA=3 = $80. Thus, $80 is the highest daily wage Huffee Bikes would be willing to pay to hire a staff of 3 assemblers. Optimal Input Mix. Third World Solutions, Inc., has designed a manual water pump that attains a flow rate of 5 gallons per minute using 1 manpower. If the diameter of the pump were increased by 1 inch, throughput would increase 4 gallons per minute. Alternatively, throughput could be increased by an additional 8 gallons per minute using the original pump diameter with one hydraulic chamber. A. Estimate the marginal rate of technical substitution between hydraulic chambers and pump diameter. B. Assuming the cost of additional hydraulic chamber size is $5 per chamber and the cost of a larger pump diameter is $ per inch, does the original design exhibit the property required for optimal input binations? If so, why? If not, why not? ANS: A. The marginal rate of technical substitution is calculated by paring the marginal products of diameter, MPD, and hydraulic chambers, MPH: MPD = Q/D = 4/1 = 4 gal. MPH = Q/H = 8/1 = 8 gal. So, MRTSDH = = = = This implies H = D or D = 2 H. This means, for example, that output would remain constant following a onehalf inch reduction in pump diameter provided that the number of hydraulic chambers were increased by 1. B. No. The rule for optimal input proportions is: In this instance the question is: = Here the additional throughput provided by the last dollar spent on more hydraulic chamber ( gallons/minute) is the same as the gain in output resulting from the last dollar spent to increase the pump diameter ( gallons/minute). Thus, hydraulic chambers。