英语论文写作论文

英语论文写作论文内容摘要：

So, euphemism is also called sweet talk, gilded words, cosmetic words or fortable words. Different views have been mented on the value of euphemism. Stefan Kanfer thinks it hypocritic, demoralizing, while Hilaire Bclloc thinks it39。 s psychological necessary. Lois De Bakey synthesizes its advantage and disadvantage: Euphemism may make an idea more palatable, but they also inflate language, reduce precision, and often tamper with the truth. Fred Sherwood says, It is not so important to question the advisability of euphemism itself as to explore the psyche of its employer., which transfers euphemism from rhetoric to cultural psychology. And such psychological factor plays an important role in the origin of euphemism. Based on the previous research findings of the East and the West, the present study 2 attempts to explore Chinese EFL learners’ perception of English euphemism. It consists of 6 chapters. Chapter one is a brief introduction of euphemism. It will explain the meaning and give the description of the euphemism. Chapter two is a literature review on euphemism. From this aspect the related researches will be mentioned. My study can develop in the direction of study from the past. Chapter three amp。 four focus on the research methodology. I conducted an experiment by means of questionnaire. Here is the indispensable part of the paper. Part five is implication. It considers possible implication of the study for crossculture munication and English teaching and learning. Part six , conclusions are drawn. Although this study took a rigorous approach to investigate construct validity of testing table, there are several limitations that should be mentioned here. 3 Chapter Two LITERATURE REVIEW This chapter focuses on the definition of euphemism, theoretical framework and previous studies. Definition of Euphemism Euphemism is a part of English expression. It means: the use of a pleasanter, less direct name for something thought to be unpleasant. The word euphemism is derived from a Greek word meaning “ to speak favorably” or “ good speech” Euphemism is mild, pleasant, or inoffensive expressions, substituted for harsh, blunt, coarse, or unpleasant ones. They are often used out of politeness or consideration for other people’s feelings, For instance, we would probably say to our friends, “I’m sorry to hear you often quarrel with your brother,” because we feel that the first statement is more agreeable than the second one. When referring to Max’s death, English wrote: “ He had been left alone for scarcely two minutes, and when we came back found him in his armchair, peacefully gone to sleep, but forever” We feel that here “gone to sleep, but forever” is certainly more expressive and appropriate then the blunt and harsh “ dead”. There are many examples: to pass away。 to be no more。 to depart to be gone。 to join the majority。 to go west。 to go to glory。 go to the other word。 join one’s ancestors。 go to his long home, etc. And it being low water, he went out with the tide. These expressions all have the meaning of “dead”. Then again, when we refer to a friend who is suffering from a disease of the brain or disorder of the mind , we would rather use the expression “mentally ill” than use “mad” or “crazy”, because “mentally ill” is a vague word, less direct than harsh, than “mad” or “ crazy” Euphemisms are also used in referring to occupations either to conceal unpleasantness, or to improve social statues. For instance, 4 “foreman” are called “ plant super intenders”。 “undertakers” are called “ funeral directors”。 “hired girls”“domestic” or “helps”。 “salesman” “ customers representatives”. Theoretical Framework The word euphemism es from the Greek eu, good, and pheme, speech or saying, and thus means literally to speak with good words or in a pleasant manner (Neaman and Silver, 1983: 1). Some definitions of euphemism are quoted below: 1) the substitution of a mild, indirect, or vague expression for one thought to be offensive, harsh or blunt. (Webster39。 s Dictionary of American English, Random House, Inc. 1997) 2) the use of a pleasanter, less direct name for something thought to be unpleasant. (Longman EnglishChinese Dictionary of Contemporary English, Longman Group UK Limited, 1998) 3) rhetorical trope: a pleasant replacement for an objectionable word that has pejorative connotations. (Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics FLTRP, 2020) 4) a euphemism is used as an alternative to a dispreferred expression, in order to avoid possible loss of face: either one39。 s own face ,or through giving offence, that of the audience, or of some third party. (Allan and Burridge, 1991:18) The famous American linguists D. Bolinger extends the definition of euphemism in the third edition of Aspects of Language. He points out, there are grammatical ways of toning something down without actually changing the content of message (1981:148). H. W. Fowler (1965:171) makes。