英国文学教案教学目的

英国文学教案教学目的内容摘要：

“matters of France” (Emperor Charlemagne and his peers) 3)“matters of Rome”. (Alexander the Great and so forth) 3) Sir Gawain and the Green Knight  It is a verse romance of 2530 lines, derived from Celtic legend.  A. Story:  B. Analysis:1) alliterative verse 2) an account of a typical chivalric adventure (motifs) 3) concerned with the rights and wrongs of conduct 4) Its theme is a series of tests on faith, courage, purity and human weakness for selfpreservation. 5) structure: contains a prologue, an epilogue and its main ) the unknown author tries to make his romance the vehicle of a wise morality in which the humorously grotesque merges with the morally serious. 3 Popular Ballads  1) Introduction:  Popular ballads are originally dance songs in verse form, usually in 4line stanzas, with the second and fourth lines rhymed.  They are mainly literature of peasants, created collectively by people and constantly revised in the process of being handed down from mouth to mouth.  There were several kinds of ballads: historical, legendary, fantastical, lyrical and humorous.  2) Ballads of Robin Hood  The most famous cycle of English ballads centers on the stories about a legendary outlaw called Robin Hood. Robin Hood is partly a real and partly a legendary figure who lived during the reign of Richard I. He was the leader of a band of outlaws, and they lived in the deep forest. They often attacked the rich, waged war against the bishops and archbishops, and helped the poor people. Therefore, Robin Hood and his followers were constantly hunted by the sheriffs. Robin Hood ballads shows the fighting spirit, indomitable courage and revolutionary energy of the English peasantry. Ⅲ . Middle English Prose  Thomas Malory is the only important prose writer in the fifteenth century. He wrote an important work called Morte d39。 Arthur (Death of Arthur) .  Malory39。 s tale begins with the mysterious birth of Arthur and ends with his equally mysterious death. Ⅳ . William Langland  1. Introduction  William Langland was born in the western midland of the country, living from about 1330 to about 1400. In 1362, he began his famous poem Piers the Plowman , which had been repeatedly revised, and of which three texts have been left to us. It was written in the old alliterative verse: each line contained three alliterated words, two of which were placed in the first half, and the third in the second half. • 2. Piers the Plowman The poem describes a series of wonderful dreams the author dreamed. • It is written in the form of a dream vision. • The poem is also an allegory which uses symbolism to relate truth. • The poet uses indignant satire in his description of social abuses caused by the corruption prevailing among the ruling classes, ecclesiastical and secular. • The poem is written in alliteration. Geoffrey Chaucer Ⅰ . Life • Geoffrey Chaucer was born in London around 1340. • At the age of 17, he served as a page to Elizabeth . • At the age of 19, he served with the English army in France and married to Philippa was at the age of 26. • Between the year of 1372 and 1378 , he was sent on embassies to Italy. • In 1373, he was made Controller of Customs in the Port of London. • In 1385 he became Justice of the Peace and Knight of the Shire (Member of Parliament) for the County of Kent. • In the period of 1389 to 1391, he served as Clerk of the King’ s Works . • In 1391, he was appointed Forester of a royal forest in Somerset • He died in 1400 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, thus founding the “Poets’ Corner”. II. Literary Career 1. The French Period  During this period Chaucer was mainly under the influence of the French literature. His earliest work was The Romaunt of the Rose《玫瑰传奇》 , a free translation of a 13thcentury French poem The Roman de la Rose. In this period, Chaucer was trying his hand on meter, language and subject. 2 The Italian Period  Chaucer‘ s journey to Italy in 1372 exerted a profound influence on his literary development by immersing him in the works of the great Italian writers such as Dante(但丁） , Petrarch （彼特拉克） and Boccaccio（卜迦丘） . The poet’ s own creativeness shows itself through borrowed themes.  Works of this period:  The House of Fame《声誉殿堂》  Troilus and Criseyde《特洛勒斯和克里希德》  The Parliament of Fouls《百鸟会议》  The Legend of Good Women《贞洁妇女传奇》 3 The Mature Period  Apart from minor and miscellaneous works, Chaucer39。 s chief literary interest in the last 14 years of his life was The Canterbury Tales, his masterpiece. Chaucer had reached full maturity in his literary creation, free from any dominant foreign influence. Ⅲ . The Canterbury Tales 1. The Framework  The framework here refers to a narrative, which is posed for the purpose of introducing and connecting a series of tales.  Chaucer39。 s work consists of three parts: The General Prologue, 24 tales, two of which left unfinished and separate prologues to each tale with links, ments, quarrels, etc. in between.  Chaucer originally planned to have a group of 30 pilgrims with each to tell two stories on the way to Canterbury and another two on the way back. So the total stories of the collection would be 120, some 20 stories more than Boccaccio39。 s. But Chaucer had actually pleted only 22 stories, with two more existing in fragments. 2. The General Prologue • The General Prologue is usually regarded as the greatest portrait gallery in English literature. The purpose of the General Prologue is not only to present a vivid collection of character sketches, but also tries to reveal the author39。 s intention in bringing together a great variety of people and narrative materials to unite the diversity of the tales by allotting them to a diversity of tellers engaged in a mon endeavor, to set the tone for the story。