hec-ras中文使用手册精内容摘要:

equired Input Data HECRAS所需的输入资料 _ Flow Regime: Subcritical, supercritical, or mixed flow 流动方式: 近乎危急的,超临界的或是混合的流动 _ Flow Rates: Discharge values 流率 :流出值 _ Starting Conditions: Water surface elevation or other method 起始条件 :水面高度或是其他方法 _ Cross Section Data: Geometry and reach lengths 9 横截面数据: 地形和河岸长度 _ Loss Coefficients: Manning roughness expansion and contraction loss coefficients 损失系数: 人员,膨胀和收缩损失系数 Starting Water Surface Conditions 起始水面的条件 _ Boundary Condition Specification (choose one) 边界规定(选其一) _ Known water surface elevation 已知水面高度 _ Compute critical depth 计算临界的深度 _ Compute normal depth given EGL slope 在 EGL斜坡基础上计算正常的深度 _ Interpolate WSEL from provided rating curve 在水位流量关系曲线上插入 WSEL _ Flow Regime (choose one) 水域(选其一) _ Subcritical 近乎危急的 ✦ Requires downstream boundary conditions 需要下游的边界条件 _ Supercritical 超临界的 ✦ Requires upstream boundary conditions 需要上游的边界条件 _ Mixed flow regime (subcritical amp。 supercritical) 混合的流动方式(近乎危急 amp。 超临界的) ✦ Requires both downstream and upstream boundary conditions 需要上游和下游的界限状况 24 Known Water Surface Elevation 已知水位 _ USGS stream gage station USGS溪流估算位置 _ Flow versus elevation 流动与海拔的比值 _ Not available most of the time 大多数时间不确定 Getting an Accurate Starting Water Surface Elevation 得到精确的起始水位 Move downstream of the area of interest and try several different starting WSELs. As the model (ie., HECRAS, HEC2) backwaters upstream, the water surface profile will trend towards normal depth. By paring different trial WSELs, a good assumption can be made for the starting conditions WSEL。 如模式( HEC- RAS, HEC- 2)在上游不起作用,水面剖面将倾向普通深度。 通过对比不同的WSEL,可 以推断出一个很好的假设。 Normal Depth 普通深度 Critical Depth 临界深度 Actual Depth 实际深度 Channel Bottom 河渠底部 1 2 3 4 Initial 初始的 Downstream 下游的 CrossSection 横截面 10 Further 深层 Downstream 下游的 CrossSection 横截面 Trial Depth 试验深度 25 Multiple Profiles Can Be Defined 可以界定多层侧面 _ Computes up to 2020 profiles in single run 一个单程最多估算 2020个侧面 _ Flow rates and some other data may change 流动速度和一些其他可能变化的数据 Expansion and Contraction Loss Coefficients 膨胀和收缩损失系数 Contraction Loss Coefficients 收缩损失系数 No Transition Loss Computed 无转换损失计为 Gradual Transition 逐步转换 Bridges (or Culverts with Wing walls) 桥梁(或隧道) Abrupt Transitions (and most Culverts) 陡然转换(大多数排水渠) Expansion Loss Coefficients 膨胀损失系数 No Transition Loss Computed 无转换损失 Gradual Transition 逐步转换 Bridges (or Culverts with Wingwalls) 桥梁(或隧道) Abrupt Transitions (and most Culverts) 陡然转换(大多数管道) Required at starting cross section and at following flow change locations 在起始横截面和下列流动变化位置被需要 26 Manning Roughness Coefficient Options 配置粗糙系数选项 _ Three Roughness Subareas (monly used) 三个 粗糙 分区 (普遍使用 ) _ Called NC Records in HEC2 terminology 在 HEC2术语中被称为 NC记录 _ Define left overbank, right overbank, and channel roughness values 定义左边的河滩 , 右边的河滩和河道粗糙价值 _ Multiple Roughness Subareas (sometimes used) 多重的粗糙分区 ( 有时使用 ) _ Called NH Records in HEC2 terminology 在 HEC2术语中被称为 NH记录 _ Horizontal roughness values vary by cross section horizontal stationing 根据水平横截面 , 水平粗糙值不断变化 _ Allows more detailed roughness areas to be defined 允许定义更为详细的 粗糙区 域 _ Up to 20 roughness subareas 最多 达到 20个 粗糙 分区 _ Vertical Roughness (rarely used) 垂直的粗糙 ( 很少使用 ) _ Called NV Records in HEC2 terminology 在 HEC2术语中被称为 NV记录 11 _ Vary by WSEL elevation or flowrate 根据 WSEL 海拔或流量而改变 _ Up to 20 entries can be defined 可以定义 20个条目 _ Similar to HEC2 NV records 类似 HEC2 NV 记录 Three Roughness SubAreas 三个 粗糙 分区 Station 位置 Left Overbank 左边的河滩 Roughness 粗糙 Elevation 海拔 Right Overbank 右边的河滩 Roughness 粗糙 Channel 河道 Roughness 粗糙 27 Multiple Roughness SubAreas 多重的粗糙分区 Station位置 n4 n5 n6 n7 n3 n2 n1 X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 X6 X7 Elevation 高度 Multiple Roughness SubAreas 多重的粗糙分区 28 Vertical Roughness 垂直 _ Roughness changes with elevation or discharge 粗糙程度随高度或流出量改变 Defining Cross Sections 定义横截面 _ Orientation 方位 _ Left to right, looking downstream 从左到右,俯瞰下游 _ Increasing in river station (cross section ID) as you move upstream 当移向上游时,增加河流位置(横截面 ID) 12 _ Spacing 间隔 _ Depends upon characteristics of stream and purpose of study 取决于河流特征和研究目的 _ Location 位置 _ To define reaches of similar characteristics 定义相似特征的流程 _ Number of cross sections 横截面数量 _ Up to 400 cross sections allowed per river reach 每个河流流程最多允许 400个横截面 29 A Little Bit of History 历史小述 _ John Wesley Powell, a former army major who lost his right arm during the civil war at the Battle of Shiloh. John Wesley Powell, John Wesley Powell,前陆军将军,在内战夏伊洛战役中失去了他的右臂。 _ In 1869, Powell and nine adventureseeking panions pleted the first exploration of the dangerous and almost uncharted canyons of the Green and Colorado rivers 在 1869年, Powell和 9位喜欢冒险的同事完成了第一次危险的探索并且包括一些未被标明的绿色通道和科罗拉多州河流 A Little Bit of History (more) 历史小述(更多) _ Of three boats, Major Powell rode in the lead, perched in a chair lashed amidships where he manded an unrestricted view of the way ahead and could signal to the other boats. 三只船只中, Powell的船走在前面,在船仓中的椅子上栖息,他自由在前面指挥,给其他船只发出信号 _ 30 Cross Section Layout 横截面布局 _ Cut cross sections perpendicular to flow 垂直于水位截取横截面 _ Don’t allow cross sections to overlap each other when cutting 截取时横截面不能互相重叠在一起 Cross Section Data 横截面数据 _ Section ID Number 横截面的 ID数字 _ HECRAS refers to it as River Station, HEC2 called it cross section number HECRAS把它看作河流位置, HEC2称其为横截面数字 _ Arbitrary: Usually represents stream stationing 随意性:通常表现出河流的位置 _ Must increase as you move upstream 当移向上游时必须增加 31 Cross Section Data (more) 横截面数据(更多) _ C。
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