高三英语nelsonmandela课件内容摘要:

reward与 prize • (1)award和 reward都可以用作名词和动词。 作名词时,意义相近,但不是同义词,award意思是 “ 奖品,奖金 ” ,与 prize近似,都指因为作出杰出成就而受奖;reward意为 “ 赏金,酬金,奖励,报酬 ”。 如: • The Olympic winner received a gold medal as an award. • 这个奥运冠军得到了一枚金牌作为奖励。 • He won the second award of $2,000. • 他获得了第二名,得了 2,000美元奖金。 • We will offer a reward of $10,000 for information about the case. • 如果有人提供有关案件的线索,我们愿意出一万美元赏金。 • (2)用作动词时, award意思是 “ 授予,颁发,判给 ”。 reward 则表示 “ 报答,酬谢 ” ,构成的搭配有 reward sb. for sth./doing sth.,意思是 “ 因为某事而奖励某人 ”。 如: • He was awarded the first prize for Outstanding Industrial Design. • 他获得了 “ 杰出工业设计 ” 一等奖。 • The judge awarded him $20,000 as damages. • 法官判给他两万美元作为赔偿费。 • You should reward them according to their devotion. • 你应该对他们论功行赏。 • Is that how you reward me for my help? • 你就这样来报答我对你的帮助吗。 • (3)reward 也可以用于比喻义。 如: • I would feel simply rewarded if my book could be of some help to the readers. • 如果我的书对读者有所帮助的话,我就心满意足了。 • (4)prize作名词,意为 “ 奖励,奖赏,奖品,奖金 ” ;作动词,意为 “ 珍视,高度重视 ” ;作形容词,意为 “ 优秀的,典范的 ”。 如: • We were born in an era when honesty was prized above all other virtues. • 我们出生在一个诚实位于一切道德之上的时代。 • 这样考过 • ⑩ (2020湖北重点联考 )You deserve a day off as a(n) ________ for working so hard. • A. reward B. award • C. return D. holiday • 解析: 语境:你工作这么努力,给你放假一天作为奖励。 reward表示做了某事而得到 “ 报酬,奖赏 ” , award表示 “ 奖励,犒赏 ” ,其他选项的含义: C“ 回报 ” ;D“ 假日 ”。 • 答案: A • 11. set up 设立,建立 • set about 开始做 • set apart 使与众不同;留出,拨出 (专用 ) • set aside 把 „„ 放在一边;省出,留出 • set down 写下,记下 • set forth 陈述,阐明 • set off 出发,动身;使爆炸;引起,激发 • set out 出发,动身;摆放,陈列;开始,着手 • 提示: set about doing sth.= set out to do sth.“ 开始做某事 ” ; set out 和 set off 表示 “ 动身,出发 ” 到某目的地,其后用for而不用 to。 • 这样 考 过 • ⑪ (2020湖北八校联考 )The incident ________ a chain of events which resulted in the outbreak of World War Ⅰ . • A. set off B. set aside • C. set about D. set down • 答案: A • ⑫ (2020华师大一附中 )In time of war,different parties tend to ________ their political differences to fight against foreign invaders shoulder to shoulder. • A. pick up B. relate to • C. set aside D. give away • 解析: set aside 抛在或放在一边,搁置之意。 • 答案: C • 二、帮你解疑 • 1. I felt bad the first time I talked to a (参观 )小组谈论 (罗本岛监狱的情况 )时,心里觉得很不好受。 • 提示: the first/second/last time 本是名词短语,但有时可以用做连词词组,引导时间状语从句。 • The first time she saw Tom, he was lying in bed. • 她第一次看到汤姆的时候,他躺在床上。 • 可引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有: • every time...每当 „„ • the next time...下次 „„ 的时候 • the moment/minute/second/instant...一 „„ 就 „„ • The moment I saw her, I knew she was an honest girl. • 我一看见她,就知道她是个诚实的女孩。 • The minute I see him, I39。 ll tell him this. • 我一看到他,就会告诉他这件事。 • 提示: 该类短语引导的时间状语从句常用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时。 • 这样考过 • ① (2020邯郸模拟 )The girl still remembers that she was too nervous ________ she gave a speech in the face of such a big crowd. • A. at the first time B. the first time • C. for the first time D. at first • 解析: the first time“ 第一次 „„” ,用作 conj.,引导时间状语从句; for the first time“ 第一次 ” ,用作时间状语,其后不能加句子; at first“ 首先 ”。 由句意知其后为时间状语从句,故选 B。 • 答案: B • 2. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at ,通过大量的法律来阻止我们的权利和进步,致使今天我们到了几乎没有任何权利的地步。 • see, find, witness 等词可用物作主语,以拟人手法增添语言色彩, see 可译为“ (在某段时期 )发生 (某情况 ),经历,经受 ”。 • The city has seen many changes. • 城市历经了许多变化。 • Dusk saw a little boy crying in the street. • 傍晚一个小男孩在街上哭泣。 • The following year saw the death of both his sisters. • 第二年他的两个姊妹都死了。 • They came to the corner which had seen many accidents. • 他们来到了那个发生过许多次事故的拐角处。 • 3. only 置于句首的倒装 • only 放在句首修饰状语 (通常是副词、介词短语或从句 )时,主句需要部分倒装。 • Only in this way can you learn English well. • 只有用这种方法你才能学好英语。 • Only when he came back from work did I go to bed last night. • 昨天晚上直到他下班回来我才上床睡觉。 • Only when the war was over was he able to return home. • 只有战争结束时他才能够回到家里。 • Only recently have I thought of them. • 直到最近我才想起他们。 • 提示: 如果置于句首的由 only 引导的词语不是状语就不用倒装。 • Only some of the children seemed to have understood it. • 似乎只有一部分孩子明白。 • 这样考过 • ② (2020平顶山质检 )Only when I failed in the entrance examinations ________ I should have followed my teacher39。 s advice. • A. had I realized B. have I realized • C. realized I D. did I realize • 解析: 此题考查倒装。 句意为 “ 只有当我没有通过入学考试时,我才意识到应该听从我的老师的意见。
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