西洋南瓜如何进行大田定植?内容摘要:
2、以促使其侧枝发育。 爬地栽培采取双蔓整枝,即只选留 2 条健壮的子蔓,其余子、孙蔓全部掐掉,然后压蔓。 因此,植株倒蔓后,当瓜蔓长到 6070 厘米时开始压蔓。 把蔓调整好方向后,理顺、拉直,用铲子顺瓜秧每隔 1050 厘米在茎节处挖一长 78 厘米、深 34 厘米的长条坑,将蔓用土埋入一小段,生长点要露出 10 厘米以上,共压 34 次。 也可用卡子将蔓固定,防止来回滚动,相互缠绕。 如果采取吊蔓或搭架栽培一般采用单蔓整枝,侧蔓全部摘除,只留主蔓结瓜。 吊蔓栽培第一个瓜采收后剪去下部老叶,放蔓,并将藤蔓基部扎好,放在地膜上,密度为18002000 株/亩。 翻瓜垫瓜长江流域大面积栽培时一般采用爬地栽培,由 3、于雨水多,地面潮湿,极易使瓜贴地面部分不光滑,形成癞瓜,可在果实膨大期用泡沫等不吸水材料垫瓜,以利瓜形美观。 垫瓜时将瓜翻面,瓜柄向上,使瓜身受光均匀,保持瓜着色一致。 红皮南瓜光线越强瓜色越红,光泽越好,但绿皮或墨绿色皮品种不耐强光照射,易造成日灼,影响商品性,故当瓜重 500 克左右时应用叶或杂草盖瓜。 采收授粉后 4045 天左右成熟,若要食嫩果,可在授粉后 30 天左右采收。 成熟标志是果柄明显发生网状龟裂、木质化、且向外凸出时,即可采收。 采收一定要选晴天,果柄应留 23 厘米,并将果柄处浆汁晒干。 把瓜放在阴凉通风处保存。 不得用水洗瓜。 途运输或需贮藏的南瓜,应在授粉后 50 天、果柄开裂木栓化时采收,此时采收的老瓜水分含量少,淀粉和糖含量较多,品质好,耐贮藏和运输。 老瓜在室内通风干燥的地方可贮藏 100 天左右,秋播采收的老瓜可贮藏到第二年 4 月新瓜上市。 专家提示:西洋南瓜第一雌花花芽分化较早,分化期环境条件较差,加上营养叶面积不够,易出现畸形瓜,故 10 节以内的瓜应及时摘除,留第二、第三朵雌花结果。 西洋南瓜嫩瓜脆嫩味鲜,在喜食嫩南瓜的地方,授粉后 12 天左右即可采摘上市,后期可继续留老瓜,总产量高,效益好。 专食老瓜的地方,第一个瓜也可在授粉后 3035天采收,可促进后期坐瓜和瓜的生长,提高产量。 专利查询。西洋南瓜如何进行大田定植?
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