小麦叶片发黄原因及防治内容摘要:
2、磷,分蘖少,叶色暗绿,叶尖黄,新叶蓝绿,叶尖紫红。 如不及时补救,将导致穗小粒少,籽粒不饱满,千粒重下降。 补救办法麦苗缺磷,每亩可沟施过磷酸钙 4550 千克。 也可叶面喷施,每亩喷施 3%过磷酸钙水溶液 60千克,间隔 710 天,连喷 23 次。 缺钾型发黄缺钾发黄的麦苗从老叶的尖端开始,沿叶脉向下延伸,黄斑与健部分界明显,呈镶嵌状发黄。 黄叶后期贴地,病苗茎秆瘦弱,易早衰、易倒伏。 补救办法可在苗期,每亩沟施氯化钾或硫酸钾 0 千克,也可施草木灰3050 千克;在小麦生长中后期,每亩叶面喷施 10%草木灰浸出液,酸二氢钾水溶液 60千克,连喷 23 次,间隔期 710 天,防治效果显著。 缺钙型发黄 3、新生叶片上部明显缩小,叶脉间黄化,近生长点叶片、叶缘枯死,叶尖常弯曲呈钩状,幼叶不能展开。 补救办法可每亩叶面喷施 化钙溶液或 1%过磷酸钙浸出液,每 710 天一次,连喷 23 次。 缺铁型发黄主要反映在新生叶上,但顶芽并不死亡。 长期极度缺铁,上部叶片可全部变黄白色,叶尖、叶缘也会逐渐枯萎并向内扩展。 补救办法可用 酸亚铁喷洒麦苗叶面,每 710 天一次,连喷 23 次。 缺镁型发黄小麦缺镁时中下部叶片叶缘组织逐渐失绿变黄,叶脉仍呈现绿色,叶缘向上或向下卷曲,后期叶片常枯萎。 补救办法可用 酸镁水溶液进行叶面喷施。 此外,土壤过酸易造成根系发黑,使之吸收水肥能力下降,麦苗因得不到足够的营养而发黄。 发生这种情况,可每亩施用 5070 千克生石灰或 50100 千克草木灰,以中和土壤酸性,恢复麦苗的正常生长。 麦苗常因蚜虫和锈病的危害而发黄,应加强病虫危害的测报,适期对症施药防治。 专利查询。小麦叶片发黄原因及防治
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