蚕豆良种如何留内容摘要:
2、之间种有几行高秆作物,或在两品种之间种有与蚕豆同时开花的油菜。 因油菜开花可以吸引昆虫,便可减少昆虫在蚕豆中的活动,从而减少异交率。 进行株选、荚选、粒选。 蚕豆的产量是由有效分枝数、每株荚数、每荚粒数和粒重这四个因素构成的。 在留种地里,首先要在田间选择无病而有效分枝多的单株,一般要优选单株 400500 株才够 1 亩地的用种。 将优选单株中下部的荚摘下后,再从中选出荚饱满、每荚籽粒二粒以上的荚,单脱、单放。 粒选就是从荚选所得豆粒中挑选合乎要求的种子,这是最关键的一步。 粒选时要选择成熟度好、饱满、无病斑、无虫孔、种皮色和粒形正常的种子。 如果留种的品种不止一个,在株选、荚选、粒选和贮藏过程中一定要用标签标明,以免混淆。 因为蚕豆为常异花授粉作物,完全避免异交,有时很困难,因此如果某地区有一个十分优良的品种在生产上可以利用,再引入新品种时要十分慎重,进行严格隔离。 单收、单晒、单贮。 蚕豆除了异花授粉而发生变异使种子纯度降低外,还会因在收获、脱粒和运输过程中发生混杂。 因此为了保特一个优良品种的纯度和种性,一定要进行提纯复壮。 避免人为混杂,要对每个品种单收、单脱、单晒、单藏。 专利查询。蚕豆良种如何留
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