高中英语unit1alandofdiversitysection2课件新人教版选修8内容摘要:
语的句型有: ① It is+形容词+ that... It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 ② It is+名词词组 (no wonder, an honour, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, mon knowledge, a surprise, a fact,etc. )+ that... It39。 s a pity that we can39。 t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。 ③ It is+过去分词 (said, reported, thought, expected,decided, announced, arranged, etc. )+ that... It has been suggested that much should be done to prevent the river from being polluted. 有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。 ④ It appears/seems that...|It happens that...|It occurred to me that...|It turned out that... It turned out that nobody remembered the address. 结果发现没人记得这地址。 ⑤ It doesn39。 t matter that...|It makes no difference that... It doesn39。 t matter whether she will e or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。 2)当 that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时 , 要以 it作形式主语 , 而把主语从句后置。 Does it matter much that they will not e tomorrow。 他们明天不来很要紧吗。 3)当主语从句出现在感叹句中时 , 要以 it作形式主语 , 而把主语从句后置。 How strange it is that the children are so quiet。 孩子们这么安静真奇怪。 2. 宾语从句 主从复合句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句。 学习宾语从句应该注意以下几点。 1)引导宾语从句的连词 that一般可以省略 , 但是在及物动词之后跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时 , 只有第一个 that可以省略。 ① Glancing at her scornfully, he told her(that) the dress was sold. 他轻蔑地看了她一眼 , 告诉她说那件衣服卖了。 ② The teacher said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. 老师说课文非常重要 , 我们应该背下来。 2)表示 “ 心理活动 ” 的形容词: afraid, anxious, aware,ashamed, annoyed, certain, confident, content, convinced,determined, disappointed, glad, happy, proud, pleased,sure, surprised, satisfied, thankful, worried等可以后接宾语从句。 ① He was afraid that he would lose. 他担心会输。 ② I am sure that I put the money in the box. 我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。 3)若主句谓语动词为 think, consider, suppose, believe,expect, fancy, guess, imagine等 , 其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义 , 一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上 , 从句谓语用肯定式 , 这种现象称为 “ 否定转移 ” 现象 (此时主语往往为第一人称 , 偶尔为第三人称;否定词 never, seldom, hardly, little无此用法 )。 ① I don39。 t think his decision is wise in reality. 实际上 , 我觉得他的决定并不明智。 ② I don39。 t believe that he is a dishonest man. 我认为他是个诚实的人。 4)在 think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope等动词以及 I39。 m afraid之后 , 可以采用 so代替一个肯定的宾语从句 ,也可以采用 not代替否定的宾语从句。 ① —Do you believe the news stories。 —I believe so. “ 你相信这个新闻故事吗。 ”“ 我相信。 ” ② —Has Anne got into university。 —I am afraid not. “ 安妮上大学了吗。 ”“ 恐怕是没有。 ” 3. 表语从句 在句中作表语的从句称为表语从句;学习表语从句应该注意以下几点。 1)通常只用 that引导表语从句的情况。 ① 句子的主语为 the reason时 , 表语从句采用 that引导 , 表示原因 , 此时不用 because。 The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. 她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。 ② 句子的主语为 the result时 , 表语从句采用 that引导。 The result is that many of them bee fat. 结果是他们中许多人发胖了。 ③ 由 why引导的从句作主语时。 Why we decided to put off the match is that the weather was too terrible. 我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。 2)as if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词 look,seem, sound, be等后面;表语从句既可以采用虚拟语气 , 也可采用直陈语气。 ① It sounded as if somebody was knocking at/on the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。 ② She treats him as if he were a stranger. 她待他如陌生人。 Ⅱ . 名词性从句考点归纳: 1. 名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。 ① I want to know what he has told you. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。 ② She always thinks of how she can work well. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。 2. it充当形式主语或宾语: 在名词性从句中 , 为了使句子保持平衡 , 常用先行词 it来代替主语从句或宾语从句 , 而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面 , 尤其是连词 that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。 ① It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 ② I find it strange that she doesn39。 t want to travel. 她竟不想旅游 , 我觉得很奇怪。 3. 在名词性从句中 that与 what的差异: what在从句中要充当某个成分 (主语 、 宾语或表语 ), 在任何情况下都不能省略 , 表示 “ (= the thing or things that...; whatever)„„ 的事物; 无论什么;凡。高中英语unit1alandofdiversitysection2课件新人教版选修8
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