高中英语unit4pygmalionsection2课件新人教版选修8内容摘要:

且与主语之间构成逻辑上的 “ 动宾关系 ” 或在逻辑上构成 “ 系表结构 ”。 过去分词短语在句中担任条件状语 , 原因状语以及时间状语时 , 通常放在句首;担任伴随状语或结果状语时 , 通常放在句末;担任方式状语时 , 一般位于句末 , 有时也可位于句首;担任让步状语时 , 一般位于句首 , 有时也可位于句末。 Ⅰ . 过去分词担任状语时的语法功能 (1)原因状语 ① Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. 因为淋了一场大雨 , 所以他全身湿透了。 ② Frightened by the noise in the night, the girl didn39。 t dare sleep in her room. 被夜晚的响声惊吓 , 那姑娘不敢睡在她的房间里了。 (2)时间状语 ① Asked why he did it, the monitor said it was his duty. 当被问及为何要做这件事时 , 班长说这是他的职责。 ② Approached in the dark the bulbs looked lonely and purposeless. 在黑暗走近时 , 那些电灯显得孤单而无意义。 (3)条件状语和假设状语 ① Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里 , 这些种子能长得很快。 ② Given better attention, the accident could have been avoided. 要是多加注意 , 那次事故就可以避免了。 (4)方式或伴随状语 ① Surrounded by his students , the professor sat there cheerfully. 那位教授在学生们的簇拥下 , 兴高采烈地坐在那儿。 ② He stood there silently, moved to tears. 他静静地站在那里 , 被感动得热泪盈眶。 (5)让步状语 ① Beaten by the police, sent to jail, Gandhi invented the principle of nonviolent resistance. 尽管受警察的殴打 , 被投入监牢 , 甘地却首创了非暴力抵抗的原则。 ② Defeated again, we did not lose heart. 尽管再次被击败 , 但我们没有灰心。 (6)独立成分 (插入语 ) ① Given good weather, our ship will reach Shanghai Monday evening. 假如天气好 , 我们的船将于星期一晚上到达上海。 ② Put frankly, I don39。 t agree with what he said. 坦白地说 , 我不同意他所说的话。 Ⅱ . 与状语从句的相互转换 (1)过去分词短语作时间状语 , 可转换为 when, while或after等引导的状语从句。 Seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. → When it is seen from the top of the hill, the park looks more beautiful. 从山上往下看 , 这座公园看起来更加漂亮。 (2)作条件状语 , 可转换为 if, once或 unless等引导的状语从句。 Given more time, she would certainly have done much better. → If she had been given more time, she would certainly have done much better. 如果有更多时间的话 , 她一定会干得更好些。 (3)作原因状语 , 可转换为 as, since或 because等引导的状语从句。 The children, exhausted, fell asleep at once. → As the children were exhausted they fell asleep at once. 由于劳累 , 孩子们很快就睡着了。 (4)作让步状语 , 可转换为 although, though或 even if等引导的状语从句。 Although exhausted by the climb , we continued our journey. → Although we were exhausted by the climb, we continued our journey. 我们虽然爬得很累 , 但我们仍然继续我们的旅程。 (5)作方式状语 , 如有连词 as if, 就转换为 as if引导的方式状语从句;若无连词 , 则转换为并列结构。 He began to cry as if bitten by a snake. → He began to cry as if he was bitten by a snake. 他大叫起来 , 好像被蛇咬了。 (6)作伴随状语 , 一般转换为并列结构。 Aunt Wu came in, followed by her daughter. → Aunt Wu came in , and(she)was followed by her daughter. 吴大娘走进来 , (她 )后面跟着她的女儿。 [拓展 ] (1)现在分词与过去分词作状语在 “ 逻辑 ” 方面的差异: 现在分词作状语与过去分词作。
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