北师大版高中英语必修一unit3celebrationsectionⅱ高效学习方案内容摘要:
understanding between the two countries. 他的来访增进了两国间更好的理解。 Drunk driving contributed to her death. 酒驾是她死亡的原因。 Chen Guangbiao, a Chinese businessman in Jiangsu Province, made a contribution of ¥ 1,000,000 to the earthquake struck Chile. 陈光标,一位来自中国江苏的商人,向遭 受地震灾害的智利灾区捐献了一百万人民币。 [自主归纳 ] ① contribute sth. to 向 „„ 捐献 /捐赠 /捐助;向 „„ 撰稿 ② contribute to 增加,增进;是 „„ 的原因,导致 ③ make a contribution to 为 „„ 作贡献 [多角度演练 ] 1. 完成句子 ① Does smoking contribute_to lung cancer? 吸烟会导致肺癌吗。 ② Honesty and hard work contribute_to_success_and_happiness. 诚实加苦干有助于成功和幸福。 ③ She has_contributed_several_poems_to literary magazines. 她给文学刊物投了几首诗稿。 2. 句型转换 ④ Less exercise leads to his bad health. → Less exercise contributes to his bad health. ⑤ He donated a lot to the disaster hit area. → He contributed a lot to the disaster hit area. ⑥ The doctor contributes a lot to the public health. → The doctor makes a great contribution to the public. 3. 单项填空 ⑦ Eating too much fat can ________ heart trouble and cause high blood pressure. A. result from B. attend to C. contribute to D. devote to 解析: 句意:摄入太多的脂肪会导致心脏问题和高血压。 result from“ 起因于 ” ; attend to“ 照料 ” ; contribute to“ 促成,导致 ” ; devote to“ 奉献 ”。 根据句意,选项 C 符合题意。 答案: C 1. My father made a really funny speech about life_starting_at_sixty five,_and he thanked everyone for bringing him a present. 我父亲做了一场关于 “ 生活从 65 岁起步 ” 的十分有趣的演讲,并对送他礼物的每个人 都表示了感谢。 (1) life starting 是动名词复合结构作介词 about 的宾语, life 是其逻辑主语。 (2)动名词的复合结构,即: “ 物主代词或名词所有格+动词 ing形式 ” ,其中代词或名词与动名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。 动名词复合结构在句中作主语或宾语等。 在现代英语,特别在口语中,复合结构作宾语时名词所有格常用普通格,物主代词也常用宾格代词代替 (在句中作主 语时除外 )。 John39。 s taking part in the party made us all happy. 约翰来参加晚会使我们大家都很高兴。 Can you imagine a woman39。 s being an astronaut? 你能想象一个女性作为宇航员吗。 I still remember my/me being taken to Beijing for the first time. 我仍然记得第一次被带到北京的情况。 [多角度演练 ] 1. 用动名词的复合结构完成句子 ① 学生学好了英语对学 习法语有帮助。 The_students39。 _knowing_English_well will help them to learn French. ② 我记得汤姆去过那里。 I remember Tom39。 s/Tom_going_there. 2. 单句改错 ③ He came late because of there was no bus. 答案: 去掉 of 或将 was→ being ④ Tom being absent made her angry. 答案: Tom→ Tom39。 s 3. 单项填空 ⑤ At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ________ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close 解析: 句意:刚开始上课的时候,开关书桌的声音在教室外都能听到。 根据句子结构,介词 of 后面接动词作宾语时,必须用 v. ing形式。 四个选项中,只有 C答案为 v. ing形式,故选 C。 答案: C 2. Don39。 t worry if you can39。 t understand everything. 如果你无法全部听懂,也不要担心。 not ...everything 是部分否定,表示 “ 并不都 „„”。 (1)部分否定: both, all, every 及其相关合成词用于否定句时,通常表示部分否定。 all ...not ... = not all ... 并非所有的 „„ 都 „„ both ...not ... = not both ... 并非两个 „„ 都 „„ every ...not ... = not every ... 并非每一个 „„ 都 „„ Not all body languages mean the same thing in different countries. 并非所有的身势语在不同的国家都具有相同的意思。 Not every student can understand him. 并非每一位同学都能理解他的意思。 (2)完全否定:若表示完全否定,可借助于 none, no one, nobody, nothing, neither 等。 None of the students can understand him. 没有一个学生能理解他的意思。 [多角度演练 ] 1. 将下列句子改为全部否定句 ① Both of them lived in London. → Neither_of_them_lived_in_London. ② Everything here doesn39。 t go well. → Nothing_here_goes_well. 2. 完成句子 ③ Not_all that glitters is gold. 闪光的东西不一定都是金子。 ④ Not_everyone_is honest. 并不是每个人都诚实。 3. 单项填空 ⑤ —Which of the two puter games did you prefer? —Actually I didn39。 t like ________. A. both of them B. either of them C. none of them D. neither of them 解析: 句意: “ 这两款计算机游戏你更喜欢哪一个。 ”“ 实际上两个游戏我都不喜欢。 ” either 与 not 连用,表示 “ 两者都不 ” ,相当 于 neither。 both 与 not 连用表示部分否定,意为 “ 并不是两个都喜欢 ”。 none 表示三者或三者以上的全部否定。 答案: B 3 . After the ceremony, the guests can attend a wedding reception, which_is_usually_a_huge_party_and_can_last_through_the_night. 婚礼结束后,客人可以参加婚宴。 婚宴的规模通常很大,持续通宵。 (1)本句中 which 引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,先行词 为 reception。 (2)非限制性定语从句: 非限制性定语从句只是对先行词的附加说明,与先行词之间一般用逗号隔开;如果去掉从句,意义仍然完整。 非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是单个的名词或代词,也可以是句子的一部分或整个句子。 , who came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of mine. 张先生是我的一位朋友,他昨天来看我了。 He didn39。 t pass the final exam, which we hadn39。 t expected. 他没有通过期末考试,这一点我们没有预料到。 As is known to us all, the whole globe is getting warmer. 如我们大家所知,全球正在变暖。 [多角度演练 ] 1. 完成句子 ① 这幢房子很漂亮,我们上个月买的。 The house, which_we_bought_last_month,_is very nice. ② 比尔 格林上周出国了,他曾经是我最好的朋友。 Bill Green, who_was_my_best_friend,_went abroad last week. ③ 当我们到达那里时,她已经走了,这使我们很扫兴。 She had left when we got there, which_made_us_very_disappointed. 2. 单项填空 ④ His movie won several awards at the film festival, ________ was beyond his wildest dream. A. which B. that C. where D. it 解析: which 引导非限制性定语从句 ,指代整个主句的内容。 答案: A have to/not have to, can/can39。 t, ought to/ought not to ① The bridegroom has to ask the bride39。 s father for his daughter39。 s hand in marriage. ② You don39。 t have to contribute a lot of money. ③ And what kind of present do I have to take? ④ That can39。 t be Mary — she39。 s in hospital. ⑤ There is someone outside — who can it be? ⑥ Can you speak Spanish? ⑦ If you really want to see it, you ought to ask first. ⑧ However, you ought not to go to the ceremony. [我的发现 ] (1)句 ① 中 have to 强调客观上的必要性,常译为 “ 不得不 ”。 (2)在 ② 、 ③ 中 have to 的否定和疑问形式为都需要借助于助动词 do/does/did,而且有数和时态的变化。 (3)④ 、 ⑤ 句 can 表示 推测 ; ⑥ 中 can 表示一般性的 能力。 (4)ought to 在句 ⑦ 中表示说话者认为 “ 应该做 ” ;在句 ⑧ 表示说话者根据一定的依据进行推测,常译为 “ 按道理说应该 ”。 一、 have to/not have to, must 1. have to 的意思接近 must,但 must 更强调说话者的主观意愿, have to 强调客观上的必要性,常译为 “ 不得不 ”。 英式英语中常用 have got to 代替 have to。 The little boy has (got) to do lots of housework, for his parents have been suffering from illness. 那个小男孩不得不做很多家务活,因为他父母一直在生病。 2. must (1)情态动词 must 表示出于职责、义务该做某事,也表示出于主观意识而必 须要做某事。 其否定式 must not 表示 “ 不许、不准、禁止 ”。 You must hurry up or you39。 ll be late. 你必须快点儿,不然。北师大版高中英语必修一unit3celebrationsectionⅱ高效学习方案
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