thebestapproachforitplanning(编辑修改稿)

thebestapproachforitplanning(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

ng information flows to support operations and decision making。  describing current applications — nature, scope, source, language and hardware requirements, functionality, interfaces, dependencies, age, operating cost, plexity and known limitations。  documenting linkages and interfaces between internal information systems and to external information systems。  listing technology infrastructure — processors, peripheral and storage devices, munications and work equipment, terminals and personal puters — and associated operating system software, protocols and munications software. The nature, use, age, cost, residual life and limitation of each group should also be identified。 and  identifying anizational resources, including skills, experiences, methodologies and tools. At the end of this step there should be a factual description of information technology usage within the anization. Develop an assessment: In this step, the information gathered in the preceding steps is analyzed so that a baseline is established. Key activities include:  paring what information technology is required by the business against what exists so that an understanding of the major gaps is formulated。  evaluating each major area of the existing information systems to identify areas where there are significant deficiencies or, apparent, user dissatisfaction with function, availability and service delivery。  identifying business areas or practices where significant new or improved information systems are required。 and  preparing a list of major issues that need to be addressed in the formulation of the strategies — for example, capital constraints。 infrastructure development。 change management。 exploitation of new technologies。 business and information technology assumptions。 improved service levels。 risks and other obstacles to successful pletion. In the concluding step of this phase there should be a well developed assessment of the current and future business needs, the benefits available from implementing technologies, the gap between what is desired and what is required by the anization, and a list of the key issues to be considered in the formulation of the information technology strategies. (To assist in this assessment effort, the appendix includes key control objectives and assessment issues that should be considered.) 3. APPROACH — Phase III: Strategic Plan In the third phase of the information technology planning process appropriate strategies are formulated. These strategies are founded on the assessment of the business needs and priorities, information technology direction and other related issues considered in the assessment phase. Major steps in the phase and the corresponding activities are described below. Develop a vision: Before any strategies are formulated it is useful to establish the desired position in terms of information technology at the end of the planning horizon — namely, where do we want to be? Usually, this is acplished by developing a vision for the future which enpasses the desired information technologyrelated position in alignment with the business strategies. Key activities include:  determining the information technology critical success factors and related business and information technology assumptions。  identifying areas of emphasis in developing the strategies — for example, to out perform the petition in the use of technology may be an important objective, or to meet agreed servicelevels may be more critical。 and  developing a realistic vision and supporting goals for the plan which recognize both the critical success factors and areas of emphasis. At the end of this step a vision, in terms of informat。