素材语法课件

素材语法课件内容摘要：

t gone out I’ ve just had lunch. are eating in a restaurant this evening. The waiter thinks you have finished and starts to take your plate say: Wait a moment !_______________________ ( not / finish ) are going to a restaurant this evening. You phone to reserve(预定） a table. Later your friend says ‘ Shall I phone to reserve a table? ’ You say: No,__________________ it (do) I haven’ t finished it yet. I have already done 过去发生或已完成的动作或状态 对现在造成的影响或结果 ,也就是说 ,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在 . I have lost my wallet. (含义是 :现在我没有钱花了 .) Jane has just had it. (含义是 :简现在不饿了 .) Michael has been ill. (含义是 :现在仍然很虚弱 ) He has returned from abroad. (含义是 :现在已在此地 ) 2. 现在完成时可以用来表示 发生在过去某一时刻一直持续到现在的动作和状态 ,常与表示 持续的时间状语连用 . 表示持续动作或状态的动词多是 延续性动词。 I haven’ t seen her these days. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 3. 现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用 ,如 already, yet, just, before, recently, still, lately等 : He has already finished his work. I haven39。 t seen him recently (lately). We have seen that film before. Have they found the missing child yet。 4. 现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用 ,如 ever, never, twice等 : Have you ever been to Beijing。 I have never heard of Bunny. I have used this pen only three times. have (has) gone和 have (has) been的区别 (has) gone表示“已经去某地了” She has gone to Shanghai .(她可能已在去上海的路上，或已到上海，总之现在不在这里。 ) (has) been表示“曾经去过某地” She has been to Shanghai three times.(她已经不在上海，只说明她曾经去过。 ) 非延续性动词不能与时间段连用： go/e/begin/start/die/buy/borrow/sell/leave/arrive/ receive/bee等词语是瞬间动词表示的动作是一时的，不能延续，不能与 for、 since等表示一段时间的词连用，也不能用于 how long引导的疑问句中。 如不能说： He has borrowed the book for two months.(ⅹ )。