20xx年考研英语预测试卷(编辑修改稿)

20xx年考研英语预测试卷(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

are records of postfigurative cultures in which the elders provide the model for the behavior of the young and in which there has been as yet no break in the acceptance of the ways of the ancestors, there are few societies in which cofiguration has bee the only form of cultural transmission and none is known in which this model alone has be 此资料来自企业 en preserved through generations. In a society in which the only model was a cofigurative one, old and young alike would assume that it was „society‟ for the behavior of each new generation to differ from that of the preceding generation. In all cofigurative cultures the elders are still dominant in the sense that they set the style and define the limits within which cofiguration is expressed in the behavior of the young. There are societies in which approbation by the elders is decisive for the acceptance of new behavior, that is, the young look not to their peers, but to their elders, for the final approval of change. ［ 2］ But at the same time, when there is a shared expectation that members of a generation will model their behavior on that of their contemporaries, especially their adolescent age mates, and that their behavior will differ from that of their parents and grandparents, each individual, as he successfully embodies a new style, bees to some extent a model for others of his generation. Cofiguration has its beginning in a break in the postfigurative system. Such a break may e about in many ways through a catastrophe in which a whole population, but particularly the old who were essential to leadership, is decimated, as a result of the development of new forms of technology in which the old are not expert, following migration to a new land where the elders are, and always will be, regarded as immigrants and strangers, in the aftermath of a conquest in which subject populations are required to learn the language and ways of the conqueror, as a result of religious conversion, when adult converts try to bring up children to embody new ideals they themselves never experienced as children and adolescents, or as a purposeful step in a revolution that establishes itself through the introduction of new and different life styles for the young.［ 403 Words］ ［ A］ The Generation Gap: Cofigurative vs. Postifiguative. 此资料来自企业 ［ B］ The Cultural Absorption: Cofigurative of Postfigurative. ［ C］ Postfiguative Cultures: The Breakdown of the Past. ［ D］ Cofiguative Cultures: Contemporaries as Models. ［ A］ ［ B］ look to their peers for approval of change. ［ C］ model their behavior on that of their grandparents. ［ D］ expect to resemble the experience of their parents. ［ A］ representatives of a past left behind. ［ B］ custodians of ancient wisdom. ［ C］ members of a higher caste. ［ D］ models for proper behavior. ed for ［ A］ identifying cultural deviants in an unstable modem society. ［ B］ liberating enslaved peoples in long occupied land. ［ C］ maintaining traditional roles by the dominating class. ［ D］ absorbing new members into the prevailing structure of the time. 此资料来自企业 35 culture? ［ A］ Mass religuious conversion to a new faith. ［ B］ The development of firm caste lines. ［ C］ The enslavement of one tribe by another. ［ D］ Historical migration to a rich country. Text 4 siles and satellites, but what they found was nitinol. This alloy can be formed into shapes just like any other metal, but it returns to its original form at a certain temperature. When this alloy of nickel and titanium is first formed, it is shaped into ingots, bricks, depending on the job it is destined to do. It is set into its desired curve or shape and heated briefly. It is then cooled off by dipping the wire in cold water. This “sets” its memory. ［ 1］ The metal can then be formed into any desired shape, but whenever its temperature exceeds its room temperature, it returns to the shape it has memorized. This makes nitinol perfect, of course, for spacecraft, for antennas, probes, shields, and folding “arms” made of nitinol can be stored safely inside a spacecraft, protecting them from damage during launching. Then, once safe in orbit, the spacecraft w 此资料来自企业 warmed up the folded and coiled nitinol, and it would have returned to its original shape. it to strengthen teeth. Before nitinol, teeth that needed straightening have brackets attached to them。 wires were attached to these to exert a pull in the right direction. But this pull must be constant, and the stainless stell arch wire cannot exert the correct force if it has been bent several fimes or if the tooth has actually moved toward it as planned. As a result, many people with dental braces must have the wire replaced monthly, tightened every few weeks, or adjusted painfully tight at the beginning of the treatment. But nitinol wires can be formed to exert force in a certain direction, cooled off, and s to try to assume its preset shape. This exerts a steadier, more c。