20xx年gre北美模拟试题-2(编辑修改稿)

20xx年gre北美模拟试题-2(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

(45) allocation, that bination of legal methods should be used that most nearly yields the allocation that would exist if there were no external costs resulting from allocating resources through market activity. There are external costs, when (50) the price set by buyers and sellers of goods fails to include some costs to anyone, that result from the production and use of the goods. Such costs are internalized when buyers pay them. Air pollution from motor vehicles imposes (55) external costs on all those exposes to it, in the form of soiling, materials damage, and disease, these externalities result from failure to place a price on air, thus making it a free good, mon to all. Such externalities lead to nonopti(60) mal resource allocation, BECause the private product and the social product of market activity are not often identical. If all externalities were internalized, transactions would occur until bargaining could no longer improve the (65) situation, thus giving an optimal allocation of resources at a given time. 17. The passage is primarily concerned with describing (A) objectives and legal methods for directing technological development (B) technical approaches to the problem of controlling market activity (C) economic procedures for facilitating transactions between buyers and sellers 中国最大的管理资源中心 (大量免费资源共享 ) 第 9 页 共 18 页 (D) reasons for slowing technological development in light of environmentalist objections (E) technological innovations making it possible to achieve optimum allocation of resources 18. The author cites air pollution from motor vehicles in lines 5456 in order to (A) revise cost estimates calculated by including the costs of resources (B) evaluate legal methods used to prevent technological developments (C) give examples of costs not included in buyerseller bargains (D) refute hypotheses not made on the basis of moary exchange values (E) mend technological research undertaken for the mon welfare 19. According to the passage, transactions between private buyers and sellers have effects on society that generally (A) are harmful when all factors are considered (B) give rise to everincreasing resource costs (C) reflect an optimal allocation of natural resources 中国最大的管理资源中心 (大量免费资源共享 ) 第 10 页 共 18 页 (D) enpass more than the effects on the buyers and sellers alone (E) are guided by legal controls on the development of technology 20. It can be inferred from the passage that the author does NOT favor which of the following? (A) Protecting the environment for future use (B) Changing the balance of power between opposing interests in business (C) Intervening in the activity of the free market (D) Making prices reflect costs to everyone in society (E) Causing technological development to cease 21. A gasolineconservation tax on the purchase of large automobiles, with the proceeds of the tax rebated to purchasers of small automobiles, is an example of (A) a specific directive (B) a market incentive modification (C) an optimal resource allocation (D) an alteration of a decisionmaking structure (E) an external cost。