1999年上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试六(编辑修改稿)

1999年上海市英语中级口译资格证书第一阶段考试六(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (2)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ SECTION 2: STUDY SKILLS (50 minutes) Directions: In this section, you will read several passages. Each passage is followed by several questions based on its content. You are to choose ONE best answer, (A), (B), (C), or (D), to each question. Answer all the questions following each passage on the basis of what is stated or implied in that passage and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANWER BOOKLET. Questions 1～ 5 Many researchers believe that apes can municate with human beings Investigations made at several laboratories in the United States and elsewhere indicate that chimpanzees and gorillas are capable of understanding language and using linguistic responses at the level of a fouryearold child. Washoe, an adult chimpanzee who was raised as if she were a deaf child, can translate words she hears into American Sign Language. Koko’s 400pound lowland gorilla, is claimed to have understood a poem written about her. Tests of Koko39。 s auditory prehension show that she is able to make discriminations between such words as “ funny,” , “ money,” and “ bunny.” The scientists at the forefront of this research admit that their work has been severely criticized. The skeptics in general claim that apes39。 language behavior is merely imitative. For this behavior to be called “ language” , it must also be municative. The proponents of ape language counter that those who deny the validity of this research have never worked with apes. They point out that new fields of investigation always create controversy. They add that subhuman primates have not been taught to speak, however, because the outer layer of their brain hemispheres is not sufficiently refined. 1. According to the passage, ape language researchers say that apes can____________. A. talk to human beings B. think creatively C. write about themselves D. understand some spoken words 2. According to the passage, ape human munication is___________. A. observed readily by most scientists B. rejected by all researchers C. tracted skeptically by some scientists D. not questioned by linguists 3. In paragraph 2, the word “ proponents” refers to_______________. A. people who believe that apes municate B. skeptics who have criticized the research 中国最大的管理资源中心 (大量免费资源共享 ) 第 6 页 共 11 页 C. designers that indicate auditory discrimination D. researchers that have learned to municate with apes 4. It may be inferred from the passage that________________. A. only gorillas and chimpanzees are primates B. only human beings are primates C. all animals except apes are primates D. both humans and apes are primates 5. Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? A. Research into apes39。 imitative behavior B. Studies of language abilities of humans C. Communicative behavior of subhuman primates D. Uses of American Sign Language in research Questions 6～ 10 Psychologists have found that privately made confidential resolutions are rarely followed, whereas a public mitment to achieve some goal, such as losing weight or giving up smoking, is likely to be much more effective. This is because the approval of others for doing something desirable is valued. In contrast, disapproval for failure can lead to feelings of shame. Advertising agencies have designed studies bearing out the truth of this observation. In this research, a group of strangers was bombarded with information about the qualities of a particular product. They were then asked to either announce out loud or write down privately whether they intended to buy the product. It was later discovered that those who publicly declared their intention to buy were considerably more likely to do so than those who affirmed their intentions in private. In another study, an experimenter claiming to represent a local utility pany interviewed house owners telling them he was investigating ways in which energy consumption could be reduced. Half the subjects, randomly selected, were told that if they agreed to conserve energy their names would be mentioned in an article published in the local newspaper。 the remaining half were told their names would not be used. All those interviewed agreed to cooperate and signed a form either giving consent for their names to be used or stating that their names would not be used. Later in the year, the amount of gas consumed in each house was recorded. The owners who had agreed to their names being published had used significantly less gas than those who remained anonymous. 6. It can be inferred that all of the following help motivate a person to achieve a goal EXCEPT__________. A. a desire for approval B. a fear of disapproval C. a fear of failure D. a sense of nonmitment 7. Why were advertising agencies interested in conducting their study? A.。