白宫：20xx基于社区的宽带解决方案thebenefitsofcompetitionandchoiceforcommunitydevelopmentandhighs(编辑修改稿)

白宫：20xx基于社区的宽带解决方案thebenefitsofcompetitionandchoiceforcommunitydevelopmentandhighs(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

s Challenges in Broadband Access and Adoption Since the President took office, national broadband availability has increased at all advertised speed Today, about 93 percent of Americans have access to wired broadband speeds of at least 3 Mbps downstream (. broadband that allows a user to download 3 megabits per second), and 99 percent of Americans have access to similarly fast mobile wireless broadband. This increased availability reflects both private and public investment, including the $4 billion invested through the National Telemunications and Information Administration‘s (NTIA) Broadband Technology Opportunities Program (BTOP) and $ billion invested through the . Department of Agriculture‘s (USDA) Rural Utilities Service Broadband Initiative Program (BIP), both part of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 20xx, as well as $66 million through USDA‘s ongoing Community Connect grant program. 7 Share of US With Access to Various Download Speeds, 20xx Percent of US Population 100 80 60 40 20 0 3 to 6 6 to 10 10 to 25 25 to 50 50 to 100 100 Mbps ≥ 1 Gbps Mbps Source: NTIA Mbps Mbps Mbps Mbps to 1 Gbps Nevertheless, nearly 51 million Americans cannot purchase a wired broadband connection with download speeds of at least 25 Mbps, and only 63 percent have access to speeds of 100 Mbps or Moreover, the costs, benefits, and availability of broadband Inter are not evenly distributed. For example, the following two maps show the statelevel availability of broadband with download speeds of at least 3 Mbps, and at least 25 Mbps respectively as of June 20xx. The first map shows that most Americans have access to ―basic‖ broadband, though some work remains to fully connect the most rural states. However, there is considerable variation in the availability of 25 Mbps connections between states, with some reaching 95 percent peration and others offering this highquality service to less than 70 percent of households. 99 99 99 98 99 98 93 93 92 86 84 83 82 All Broadband Wireline Wireless 63 60 16 8 Urban and Rural Communities One factor that creates disparities in broadband access and adoption is the divide between urban and rural munities. While the gap for the most basic broadband speeds has almost closed (nearly 100 percent of urban residents have access to speeds of 6 Mbps or greater pared to 95 percent of rural residents), rural munities still enjoy far less access to higher speeds. The following figure illustrates this point: Broadband Availability in Urban and Rural Areas, 20xx Percent of Population 100 80 60 40 20 0 Sourc 97 100 95 94 94 91 70 51 47 Rural Urban 33 ≥ 3 Mbps ≥ 6 Mbps ≥ 10 ≥ 25 ≥ 50 ≥ 100 ≥ 1 Gbps e: NTIA Mbps Mbps Mbps Download Speed Mbps 9 The gap in broadband availability between urban and rural munities is linked to the economics of work investment. The costs of providing a connection increase with distance, and the expected profits increase with the number of customers served. This makes it more economical to serve densely populated urban locations, where shorter wires can serve a larger number of potential customers. While satellite and terrestrial wireless technologies continue to deliver promising improvements, more work is needed to close the urban rural gap in broadband availability. To address this gap, the USDA, BTOP, and the FCC‘s Connect America Fund program have all invested in creating the middlemile infrastructure that provides highspeed access to ―anchor institutions‖ such as schools and libraries in many rural munities. With middlemile and munity infrastructure in place, the remaining challenge is to provide lastmile connections so millions of Americans have access to highspeed broadband. As we describe below, the availability of middlemile connections creates a significant opportunity for municipalities to increase such access. Affordability In total, almost 30 percent of American households did not have a home broadband connection as of 20xx. One of the main challenges facing increased broadband adoption is price. In a 20xx survey conducted by the FCC, 36 percent of households without a home broadband connection pointed to expense as the major Not surprisingly, the cost of broadband represents a greater obstacle for lowerine Americans than middle and highine Americans. The NTIA reports that in 20xx, 32 percent of families not online with ines below $25,000 indicated that the high cost of Inter service prevents them from using broadband at home, pared to less than 22 percent of households not online with annual ines above $50, Overall Inter use is strongly correlated with household ine, as illustrated in in the figure below, which plots median ine against Inter adoption for a sample of 368 Metropolitan Statistical Areas. 10 Percent of Households with Inter Access by Metro Area vs. Median Household Ine by Metro Area, 20xx Percent 95 90 85 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 20,000 40,000 60,000 80,000 100,000 Source: Census Median Household Ine in 20xx (dollars) . broadband is also relatively expensive when pared internationally. The next chart uses data from a recent report on broadband prices in 24 . and international While the 24 cities in this study may not be representative of all urban locations in the . or abroad, it is notable that the median monthly price at each speed level is higher in the ., often by 50 percent or more. And while it appears that the . has less price variability at speeds above 75 Mbps, this observation actually reflects the fact that fewer . cities even offer a consumer plan at that level. Monthy Price of a Yearly Inter Plan by Sp。