醋酸生产外文翻译(编辑修改稿)

醋酸生产外文翻译(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

y regulator. The global demand of acetic acid is around million tonnes per year (Mt/a), of which approximately Mt/a is met by recycling。 the remainder is manufactured from petrochemical feedstocks or from biological sources. Production Acetic acid is produced both synthetically and by bacterial fermentation. Today, the biological route accounts for only about 10% of world production, but it remains important for vinegar production, as many nations39。 food purity laws stipulate that vinegar used in foods must be of biological origin. About 75% of acetic acid made for use in the chemical industry is made by methanol carbonylation, explained below. Alternative methods account for the rest. Total worldwide production of virgin acetic acid is estimated at 5 Mt/a (million tonnes per year), approximately half of which is produced in the United States. European production stands at approximately 1 Mt/a and is declining, and Mt/a is produced in Japan. Another Mt are recycled each year, bringing the total world market to Mt/a. The two biggest producers of virgin acetic acid are Celanese and BP Chemicals. Other major producers include Millennium Chemicals, Sterling Chemicals, Samsung, Eastman, and Svensk Etanolkemi. Methanol carbonylation Most virgin acetic acid is produced by methanol carbonylation. In this process, methanol and carbon monoxide react to produce acetic acid according to the chemical equation: CH3OH + CO → CH3COOH The process involves iodomethane as an intermediate, and occurs in three steps. A catalyst, usually a metal plex, is needed for the carbonylation (step 2). CH3OH + HI → CH3I + H2O CH3I + CO → CH3COI CH3COI + H2O → CH3COOH + HI By altering the process。